Risk factors for chronic kidney disease in a family doctor's office in East Havana
Keywords:
Albuminuria; chronic kidney disease; risk factorsAbstract
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is described by nephrologists as the silent epidemic of the 21st century.
Objective: To determine the epidemiological factors associated with the development and progression of chronic kidney disease in a community.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, prospective study was conducted on 80 patients with chronic kidney disease in a doctor´s office in East Havana over one year. Risk factors for this disease were identified, and sociodemographic variables related to these factors were used.
Results: Females and black individuals predominated. The 18 - 30 and 31- 40 age groups were the least representative. Hypertension, smoking, and proteinuria were predominant in males; urinary tract obstructions were more frequent in males, and infections in females. Proteinuria and smoking predominated in those over 41 years of age and in advanced stages of kidney disease. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were present in most patients with end-stage renal disease.
Conclusions: It was demonstrated that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were the most frequent diseases in chronic kidney patients. Urinary tract obstruction and infection, although not as frequent, did differ according to sex and age group. The most relevant finding was the high frequency of albuminuria and smoking, factors that were not identified in any study conducted in this community.
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