Indicadores epidemiológicos, sociales y clínicos del glaucoma en el Hospital "Enrique Cabrera" / Epidemiological, social and clinical indicators of Glaucoma in "Enrique Cabrera" Hospital

Lázara Mairely Molinet Vega, Arturo Iván Pérez Pacheco, Zaylit Morell Ochoa, Carmen Castillo Vázquez

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Introducción: La incidencia de glaucoma es un problema actual de salud que compromete la calidad de vida de las personas. El género femenino representa la mayor prevalencia de ceguera en el mundo, por encima de los cuarenta años de edad. El glaucoma es la causa número uno de ceguera irreversible.
Objetivo: Identificar los indicadores epidemiológicos, sociales y clínicos del glaucoma.
Métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, desarrollado de enero 2021 a enero 2022, mediante la Encuesta 473, de 16 variables epidemiológicas, validada por el Departamento de Glaucoma del Hospital General Docente "Enrique Cabrera".
Resultados: Se incluyeron 50 pacientes, 50 % varones y resto mujeres. La evolución promedio fue 13 años del glaucoma, en control 86 %, con monoterapia de Timolol (colirio al 0,5 %) (56 %). Estuvo prevalente, en su mayoría, el glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto con 62 %. La comorbilidad más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial sistémica 53 %. Hubo presencia de catarata en el 56 % de los casos.
Conclusiones: Se recaban como indicadores epidemiológicos, sociales y clínicos en el glaucoma, el número de fármacos empleados, la relación de familiares de primer nivel, la excavación evaluada y el color de la piel en los pacientes estudiados.

Palabras clave

glaucoma; género; indicadores; epidemiología.

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URN: http://revcalixto.sld.cu/index.php/ahcgurn:nbn:de:0000-ahcg.v10i1.910

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